Dural Metastases of Advanced Prostate Cancer Detected by ¹⁸F-Fluorocholine

Abstract

Prostate cancer with extensive dural metastases is very rare, with only few cases described in the literature. We report one such case of a 74-year-old man with advanced prostate cancer, and in relatively good clinical condition. The patient returned with complaints of headache and diplopia. Fluorocholine (18F) chloride (18F-FCH) is an analog of choline in which a hydrogen atom has been replaced by fluorine (18F). After crossing the cell membrane by a carrier-mediated mechanism, choline is phosphorylated by choline kinase to produce phosphorylcholine. 18F-FCH positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) is widely used to stage and restage patients affected by prostate cancer with good sensitivity. 18F-FCH PET/CT showed disease progression with the onset of multiple skull lesions. Numerous suspicious dural hypermetabolic lesions indicating neoplastic involvement were detected along the fronto-parietal convexities, in the left fronto-orbital region and right lateral wall of the orbit, concerning for metastases in these regions. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan was performed which showed corresponding enhancing tissue which correlated with the PET findings. The final imaging diagnosis was osteo-dural metastases from prostate cancer associated with poor outcome. Awareness of this pattern of metastases may be of clinical relevance in order to avoid unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures in groups of patients with a dismal prognosis.

Keywords

• ¹⁸F-fluorocholine
• prostate cancer
• computed tomography
• dural metastases
• subdural hematomas