Медицинский совет (May 2020)
Obesity: The Crossroads of Opinion, Knowledge, and Opportunity
Abstract
The continuing growth in the prevalence of obesity in close connection with the tandem of a number of chronic diseases, each of which is in the nature of a non-infectious epidemic, indicates an obesity syndrome. This is one of the most complex and expensive diseases, taking into account its cardio-metabolic and oncological risk, chronic progressive course and recurrent nature. Such a situation dictates the necessity to clarify the pathogenetic approaches to the problem, based on the principles of early treatment, before the debut of comorbid nosology’s. With the multifactorial nature of obesity, it is difficult to single out the principal directions of intervention with the goal of not only reducing body weight, but especially its stabilization. The accumulated data on new pathogenesis links are analyzed: dysfunctions of the microbiota and entero-endocrine system of the gastrointestinal tract with impaired incretin synthesis, metainflammation, peripheral and central insulin resistance, which integrally changes intracellular energy metabolism through a change in the activity of the AMP-activated protein kinase and is associated with systemic inflammatory response. These links are interconnected by the axis: “intestine – brain – liver”, which explains the relationship of obesity with multiple multidisciplinary pathology and reflects the necessity for multidirectional effects. From the point of view of the definition of obesity as a brain disease, with an emphasis on the hypothalamus, the feasibility of an approach to weight loss only through lifestyle changes and the problem of the slipping effect is discussed. The necessity for weight loss is discussed along with the regulation of metabolic imbalance. The feasibility of combined pharmacological intervention is substantiated. ReduxinForte is considered as the drug of choice with a detailed analysis of its components, metformin and sibutramine, their ability to correct various parts of the pathogenesis of obesity and pleiotropic effects to achieve stable metabolic control and reduce the risks of complications.
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