Anti-Herpes Zoster Vaccination of Fragile Patients in Hospital Setting: A Nudge Intervention in Italy
Francesco De Caro,
Francesca Malatesta,
Nadia Pecoraro,
Mario Capunzo,
Luna Carpinelli,
Simona Caruccio,
Giuseppina Cersosimo,
Maria Costantino,
Claudio Giordano,
Walter Longanella,
Vincenzo Patella,
Arcangelo Saggese Tozzi,
Giulia Savarese,
Pio Sinopoli,
Emilia Anna Vozzella,
Giuseppina Moccia
Affiliations
Francesco De Caro
Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Francesca Malatesta
Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Nadia Pecoraro
Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Mario Capunzo
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Luna Carpinelli
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Simona Caruccio
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Giuseppina Cersosimo
Department of Political and Sociale Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Maria Costantino
Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Claudio Giordano
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Walter Longanella
Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Vincenzo Patella
ASL Salerno, 84091 Salerno, Italy
Arcangelo Saggese Tozzi
ASL Salerno, 84091 Salerno, Italy
Giulia Savarese
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Pio Sinopoli
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Emilia Anna Vozzella
Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Giuseppina Moccia
Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Background: A nudge intervention against Herpes Zoster, created and implemented in Italy, is presented in order to administer the Shingrix vaccine on a sample of frail patients, as required by the National Prevention Plan. Individual and contextual factors associated with vaccine adherence were investigated. Method: 300 frail adult subjects underwent a full vaccine cycle with recombinant-Shingrix vaccine (RZV vaccine). Hospital Presidia of the Salerno University Hospital Authority, a Hospital Presidium of the Salerno Local Health Authority, and the Public Health Laboratory of the University of Salerno (Campania) participated in the intervention. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered with the following scales: EQ-5D, PSS-10, MSPSS, and representations of HZ and its consequences. Results: Some variables, such as peer support, doctor–patient relationship, level of education, and perception of health, are important in vaccine adherence and information processing. The following factors emerged from the factor analysis: Trust in collective knowledge and collective responsibility (F1); beliefs about virus risk and vaccine function (F2); information about virus and symptomatology (F3); and vaccine distrust (F4). Factor 4 correlates negatively with social support indices (R = −0.363; p p-value = 0.006). Conclusions: Future vaccination campaigns should be built with the aim of personalizing information and developing contextualized strategies, starting from understanding the stakeholders involved, cultural contexts, and organizational settings.
