Stiinta Agricola (Jun 2017)
Efectul sistemului de formare a coroanei la cireş asupra intrării pomilor pe rod, productivităţii şi calităţii fructelor
Abstract
The research studies were carried out in the intensive sweet cherry orchard, planted in 2010 with Ferrovia, Adriana and Skeena varieties, grafted on Gisela 6, at distances of 4x2 m and trained as: 1) improved slender spindle, 2) naturally improved low volume crown and 3) retarded flattened vase-like crown. The yield, diameter, firmness, dry matter content and fruit weight were determined. The trees started to bear fruits in the 4th year after the budding. The harvest in the second year of fructification was compromised by the late spring colds. The average yield in the third year of fructification was about 12375-15583 kg/ha, depending on the variety and crown training system. The improved slender spindle crown had the highest yield per hectare, while the retarded flattened vase-like crown had the lowest yield, but it recorded the highest values of fruit size (25.7-28.1 mm) and soluble dry matter in fruits (16.9-18.6 Brix%). The varieties had a uniformity of over 80% fruits of the same size category. Adriana variety formed 85.4% fruits with a diameter ranging from 22 to 26 mm, Ferrovia variety - 82.5% fruits of 24-28 mm and Skeena variety - 80% fruits ranging from 24 to 28 mm. Although the results are preliminary, it could be noted that low volume crown systems combined with early vegetative rootstocks can produce high yields of excellent quality fruits in the first 3 years of fructification.
