Heliyon (Aug 2024)

Nonmedical problems among older adults visiting the emergency department for low acuity conditions: A prospective multicentre cohort study

  • Katherine Tanguay,
  • Alexandra Nadeau,
  • Audrey-Anne Brousseau,
  • Patrick M. Archambault,
  • Pierre-Hugues Carmichael,
  • Marcel Emond,
  • Jean-Francois Deshaies,
  • Marie-Josée Sirois,
  • Fabrice I. Mowbray,
  • Pierre-Gilles Blanchard,
  • Eric Mercier

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 15
p. e35352

Abstract

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Background: Data on the predictors of nonmedical problems (NMP) in older adults attending the emergency department (ED) for low acuity conditions is lacking and could help rapid identification of patients with NMP and integration of these needs into care planning. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and predictors of NMP among older adults attending EDs for low acuity conditions. Methods: Prospective cohort study in eight EDs (May–August 2021). We included cognitively intact ≥65 years old adults assigned a low triage acuity (3–5) using the CTAS. A questionnaire focusing on 11 NMP was administered. We used multiple logistic regression to identify predictors of NMP. Results: Among the 1,061 participants included, the mean age was 77.1 ± 7.6, majority were female, and 41.6 % lived alone. At least one NMP was reported by 704 persons. Prevalence of each NMP: outdoor (41.1 %) and indoor (30.2 %) mobility issues, difficult access to dental care (35.1 %), transportation (4.1 %) and medication (5.4 %), loneliness (29.5 %), food insecurity (10.3 %), financial difficulties (9.5 %), unsafe living situation (4.1 %), physical/psychological violence (3.4 %), and abuse/neglect (3.3 %). Predictors of NMP were: age (OR 1.04 for each additional year), living alone (OR 2.20), pre-existing mental health conditions (OR 3.12), heart failure (OR 1.42), recent surgery/admission (OR 1.75), memory decline (OR 2.76), no family physician (OR 1.74) and consulting for a fall/functional decline (OR 2.48). Conclusions: Nonmedical problems are frequent among older adults. We need to implement holistic ED processes that integrate these problems into care planning.