The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2025)
XRISM Reveals Low Nonthermal Pressure in the Core of the Hot, Relaxed Galaxy Cluster A2029
- XRISM Collaboration,
- Marc Audard,
- Hisamitsu Awaki,
- Ralf Ballhausen,
- Aya Bamba,
- Ehud Behar,
- Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin,
- Laura Brenneman,
- Gregory V. Brown,
- Lia Corrales,
- Elisa Costantini,
- Renata Cumbee,
- Maria Diaz Trigo,
- Chris Done,
- Tadayasu Dotani,
- Ken Ebisawa,
- Megan E. Eckart,
- Dominique Eckert,
- Satoshi Eguchi,
- Teruaki Enoto,
- Yuichiro Ezoe,
- Adam Foster,
- Ryuichi Fujimoto,
- Yutaka Fujita,
- Yasushi Fukazawa,
- Kotaro Fukushima,
- Akihiro Furuzawa,
- Luigi Gallo,
- Javier A. García,
- Liyi Gu,
- Matteo Guainazzi,
- Kouichi Hagino,
- Kenji Hamaguchi,
- Isamu Hatsukade,
- Katsuhiro Hayashi,
- Takayuki Hayashi,
- Natalie Hell,
- Edmund Hodges-Kluck,
- Ann Hornschemeier,
- Yuto Ichinohe,
- Manabu Ishida,
- Kumi Ishikawa,
- Yoshitaka Ishisaki,
- Jelle Kaastra,
- Timothy Kallman,
- Erin Kara,
- Satoru Katsuda,
- Yoshiaki Kanemaru,
- Richard Kelley,
- Caroline Kilbourne,
- Shunji Kitamoto,
- Shogo Kobayashi,
- Takayoshi Kohmura,
- Aya Kubota,
- Maurice Leutenegger,
- Michael Loewenstein,
- Yoshitomo Maeda,
- Maxim Markevitch,
- Hironori Matsumoto,
- Kyoko Matsushita,
- Dan McCammon,
- Brian McNamara,
- François Mernier,
- Eric D. Miller,
- Jon M. Miller,
- Ikuyuki Mitsuishi,
- Misaki Mizumoto,
- Tsunefumi Mizuno,
- Koji Mori,
- Koji Mukai,
- Hiroshi Murakami,
- Richard Mushotzky,
- Hiroshi Nakajima,
- Kazuhiro Nakazawa,
- Jan-Uwe Ness,
- Kumiko Nobukawa,
- Masayoshi Nobukawa,
- Hirofumi Noda,
- Hirokazu Odaka,
- Shoji Ogawa,
- Anna Ogorzalek,
- Takashi Okajima,
- Naomi Ota,
- Stephane Paltani,
- Robert Petre,
- Paul Plucinsky,
- Frederick S. Porter,
- Katja Pottschmidt,
- Kosuke Sato,
- Toshiki Sato,
- Makoto Sawada,
- Hiromi Seta,
- Megumi Shidatsu,
- Aurora Simionescu,
- Randall Smith,
- Hiromasa Suzuki,
- Andrew Szymkowiak,
- Hiromitsu Takahashi,
- Mai Takeo,
- Toru Tamagawa,
- Keisuke Tamura,
- Takaaki Tanaka,
- Atsushi Tanimoto,
- Makoto Tashiro,
- Yukikatsu Terada,
- Yuichi Terashima,
- Yohko Tsuboi,
- Masahiro Tsujimoto,
- Hiroshi Tsunemi,
- Takeshi Tsuru,
- Hiroyuki Uchida,
- Nagomi Uchida,
- Yuusuke Uchida,
- Hideki Uchiyama,
- Yoshihiro Ueda,
- Shinichiro Uno,
- Jacco Vink,
- Shin Watanabe,
- Brian J. Williams,
- Satoshi Yamada,
- Shinya Yamada,
- Hiroya Yamaguchi,
- Kazutaka Yamaoka,
- Noriko Yamasaki,
- Makoto Yamauchi,
- Shigeo Yamauchi,
- Tahir Yaqoob,
- Tomokage Yoneyama,
- Tessei Yoshida,
- Mihoko Yukita,
- Irina Zhuravleva,
- Tommaso Bartalesi,
- Stefano Ettori,
- Roman Kosarzycki,
- Lorenzo Lovisari,
- Tom Rose,
- Arnab Sarkar,
- Ming Sun,
- Prathamesh Tamhane
Affiliations
- XRISM Collaboration
- Marc Audard
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Versoix CH-1290, Switzerland
- Hisamitsu Awaki
- Department of Physics, Ehime University , Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Ralf Ballhausen
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Aya Bamba
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Ehud Behar
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Technion, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Laura Brenneman
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics—Harvard-Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Gregory V. Brown
- ORCiD
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, CA 94550, USA
- Lia Corrales
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Elisa Costantini
- ORCiD
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden, The Netherlands
- Renata Cumbee
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Maria Diaz Trigo
- ORCiD
- ESO, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2 , 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
- Chris Done
- ORCiD
- Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, University of Durham , Durham DH1 3LE, UK
- Tadayasu Dotani
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Ken Ebisawa
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Megan E. Eckart
- ORCiD
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, CA 94550, USA
- Dominique Eckert
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Versoix CH-1290, Switzerland
- Satoshi Eguchi
- ORCiD
- Department of Economics , Kumamoto Gakuen University, Kumamoto 862-8680, Japan
- Teruaki Enoto
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Yuichiro Ezoe
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Adam Foster
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics—Harvard-Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Ryuichi Fujimoto
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Yutaka Fujita
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Yasushi Fukazawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Kotaro Fukushima
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Akihiro Furuzawa
- Department of Physics, Fujita Health University , Aichi 470-1192, Japan
- Luigi Gallo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Mary’s University , Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
- Javier A. García
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Liyi Gu
- ORCiD
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden, The Netherlands
- Matteo Guainazzi
- ORCiD
- European Space Agency (ESA) , European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
- Kouichi Hagino
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kenji Hamaguchi
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Isamu Hatsukade
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki , 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Katsuhiro Hayashi
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Takayuki Hayashi
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Natalie Hell
- ORCiD
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, CA 94550, USA
- Edmund Hodges-Kluck
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Ann Hornschemeier
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Yuto Ichinohe
- ORCiD
- RIKEN Nishina Center , Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Manabu Ishida
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Kumi Ishikawa
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Yoshitaka Ishisaki
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Jelle Kaastra
- ORCiD
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden , P.O. Box 9513, NL-2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Timothy Kallman
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Erin Kara
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, USA ; [email protected]
- Satoru Katsuda
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Yoshiaki Kanemaru
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Richard Kelley
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Caroline Kilbourne
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Shunji Kitamoto
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University , Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
- Shogo Kobayashi
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Physics, Tokyo University of Science , Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Takayoshi Kohmura
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Aya Kubota
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology , Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Maurice Leutenegger
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Michael Loewenstein
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Yoshitomo Maeda
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Maxim Markevitch
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Hironori Matsumoto
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University , Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Kyoko Matsushita
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Physics, Tokyo University of Science , Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Dan McCammon
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin , WI 53706, USA
- Brian McNamara
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- François Mernier
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Eric D. Miller
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, USA ; [email protected]
- Jon M. Miller
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Ikuyuki Mitsuishi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University , Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Misaki Mizumoto
- ORCiD
- Science Research Education Unit, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka , Fukuoka 811-4192, Japan
- Tsunefumi Mizuno
- ORCiD
- Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Koji Mori
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki , 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Koji Mukai
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Data Science, Tohoku Gakuin University , Miyagi 984-8588, Japan
- Richard Mushotzky
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Hiroshi Nakajima
- ORCiD
- College of Science and Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University , Kanagawa 236-8501, Japan
- Kazuhiro Nakazawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University , Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Jan-Uwe Ness
- ORCiD
- European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) , E-28692 Madrid, Spain
- Kumiko Nobukawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, KINDAI University , Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Masayoshi Nobukawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Teacher Training and School Education, Nara University of Education , Nara 630-8528, Japan
- Hirofumi Noda
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University , Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Hirokazu Odaka
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University , Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Shoji Ogawa
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Anna Ogorzalek
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Takashi Okajima
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Naomi Ota
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University , Nara 630-8506, Japan
- Stephane Paltani
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Versoix CH-1290, Switzerland
- Robert Petre
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Paul Plucinsky
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics—Harvard-Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Frederick S. Porter
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Katja Pottschmidt
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Kosuke Sato
- Department of Physics, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Toshiki Sato
- School of Science and Technology, Meiji University , Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
- Makoto Sawada
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University , Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
- Hiromi Seta
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Megumi Shidatsu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Ehime University , Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Aurora Simionescu
- ORCiD
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden, The Netherlands
- Randall Smith
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics—Harvard-Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Hiromasa Suzuki
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Andrew Szymkowiak
- ORCiD
- Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Yale University , CT 06520-8121, USA
- Hiromitsu Takahashi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Mai Takeo
- Department of Physics, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Toru Tamagawa
- ORCiD
- RIKEN Nishina Center , Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Keisuke Tamura
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Takaaki Tanaka
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Konan University , Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
- Atsushi Tanimoto
- ORCiD
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, 890-8580, Japan
- Makoto Tashiro
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan; Department of Physics, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Yukikatsu Terada
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan; Department of Physics, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Yuichi Terashima
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Ehime University , Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Yohko Tsuboi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Chuo University , Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
- Masahiro Tsujimoto
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Hiroshi Tsunemi
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University , Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Takeshi Tsuru
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Hiroyuki Uchida
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Nagomi Uchida
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Yuusuke Uchida
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Hideki Uchiyama
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Yoshihiro Ueda
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Shinichiro Uno
- Nihon Fukushi University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Jacco Vink
- ORCiD
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden, The Netherlands; Anton Pannekoek Institute, the University of Amsterdam, Postbus 942491090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Shin Watanabe
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Brian J. Williams
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Satoshi Yamada
- ORCiD
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Shinya Yamada
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University , Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
- Hiroya Yamaguchi
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Kazutaka Yamaoka
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University , Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Noriko Yamasaki
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Makoto Yamauchi
- ORCiD
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki , 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Shigeo Yamauchi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Nara Women’s University , Nara 630-8506, Japan
- Tahir Yaqoob
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA / GSFC (CRESST II), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland , Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Tomokage Yoneyama
- Department of Physics, Chuo University , Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
- Tessei Yoshida
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
- Mihoko Yukita
- ORCiD
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Johns Hopkins University , MD 21218, USA
- Irina Zhuravleva
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Tommaso Bartalesi
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi”—Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna , I-40129 Bologna, Italy; INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio , 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Stefano Ettori
- ORCiD
- INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio , 40129 Bologna, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Bologna , 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Roman Kosarzycki
- NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Physics, The George Washington University , Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Lorenzo Lovisari
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics—Harvard-Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio , 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Tom Rose
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Arnab Sarkar
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, USA ; [email protected]
- Ming Sun
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Prathamesh Tamhane
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ada7cd
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 982,
no. 1
p. L5
Abstract
We present XRISM Resolve observations of the core of the hot, relaxed galaxy cluster Abell 2029 (A2029). We find that the line-of-sight bulk velocity of the intracluster medium (ICM) within the central 180 kpc is at rest with respect to the brightest cluster galaxy, with a 3 σ upper limit of ∣ v _bulk ∣ < 100 km s ^−1 . We robustly measure the field-integrated ICM velocity dispersion to be σ _v = 169 ± 10 km s ^−1 , obtaining similar results for both single-temperature and two-temperature plasma models to account for the cluster cool core. This result, if ascribed to isotropic turbulence, implies a subsonic ICM with Mach number ${{ \mathcal M }}_{3{\rm{D}}}\approx 0.22$ and a nonthermal pressure fraction of 2.6 ± 0.3%. The turbulent velocity is similar to what was measured in the core of the Perseus cluster by Hitomi, but here in a more massive cluster with an ICM temperature of 7 keV, the limit on the nonthermal pressure fraction is even more stringent. Our result is consistent with expectations from simulations of relaxed clusters, but it is on the low end of the predicted distribution, indicating that A2029 is an exceptionally relaxed cluster with no significant impacts from either a recent minor merger or active galactic nucleus activity.
Keywords
