Perfectionism, Intolerance of Uncertainty, and Fear of Childbirth in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women

Abstract

Background: Fear of childbirth (FOC) has adverse effect on delivery, maternal and infant health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of FOC and to examine the role of perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, and preparedness for childbirth in explaining FOC in non-pregnant and pregnant women, as well as the role of mode of delivery in multiparous women. Method: In the cross-sectional study, 197 non-pregnant, 168 nulliparous and 124 multiparous pregnant women filled out questionnaires on FOC (W-DEQ), perfectionism (PNPS), intolerance of uncertainty (IUS), and a question on preparedness for childbirth. Results: More important determinants of FOC were personality traits (perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty) in non-pregnant and nulliparous pregnant women, as opposed to previous childbirth experience (emergency caesarean section) in multiparous women. However, preparedness for childbirth was associated with FOC in all three sub-groups. Conclusion: Preparedness for childbirth should be the target in prenatal classes in order to alleviate FOC.

Keywords

• fear of childbirth
• perfectionism
• intolerance of uncertainty
• preparedness for childbirth
• caesarean section