Technical efficiency of resource-poor maize farmers in northern Ghana

Abstract

Farm productivity in most developing countries remains low, hence the need to enhance technical efficiency (TE) of producers. This study evaluates the TE of maize production in rural Ghana, using primary data from a survey of smallholder producers. A two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach was used to assess TE and its determinants. The results revealed a bias-corrected mean TE of 68% (as opposed to 81% using the traditional DEA approach). Hence, with the prevailing technology and current input levels, farmers can increase their TE of maize production by 32%. TE increased with adoption of improved varieties, weeding frequency, and herd size but decreased with producer’s age, household size, educational status, and group membership. Subsequently, these factors need to be carefully considered in targeting policies for increasing maize productivity. The study observed increased adoption of improved varieties and training in efficient methods of weed control as important measures to enhance TE of maize farmers.

Keywords

• data envelopment analysis
• double bootstrap
• technical efficiency
• truncated regression
• northern ghana