Scientific Reports (May 2017)
Serum sonic hedgehog (SHH) and interleukin-(IL-6) as dual prognostic biomarkers in progressive metastatic breast cancer
- A. S. Noman,
- M. Uddin,
- A. A. Chowdhury,
- M. J. Nayeem,
- Z. Raihan,
- M. I. Rashid,
- A. K. Azad,
- M. L. Rahman,
- D. Barua,
- A. Sultana,
- A. Shirin,
- J. Ferdous,
- R. R. Parag,
- S. M. Rahman,
- M. R. Mahmud,
- C. S. Jerin,
- N. Jahan,
- A. Siddiqua,
- T. Ara,
- E. B. Sabur,
- S. S. Alam,
- S. Baidya,
- S. Akther,
- M. Z. Rahman,
- T. Banu,
- A. K. Murugan,
- S. Sabri,
- S. M. S. Islam,
- B. Karakas,
- A. Aboussekhra,
- H. Yeger,
- W. A. Farhat,
- S. S. Islam
Affiliations
- A. S. Noman
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
- M. Uddin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children
- A. A. Chowdhury
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chittagong Medical College Hospital
- M. J. Nayeem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- Z. Raihan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- M. I. Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- A. K. Azad
- Department of General Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital
- M. L. Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- D. Barua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- A. Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- A. Shirin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- J. Ferdous
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- R. R. Parag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- S. M. Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- M. R. Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- C. S. Jerin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- N. Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- A. Siddiqua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- T. Ara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- E. B. Sabur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- S. S. Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong
- S. Baidya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- S. Akther
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong
- M. Z. Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital
- T. Banu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital
- A. K. Murugan
- Division of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
- S. Sabri
- Department of Oncology, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
- S. M. S. Islam
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Hospital
- B. Karakas
- Division of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
- A. Aboussekhra
- Division of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
- H. Yeger
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children
- W. A. Farhat
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children
- S. S. Islam
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01268-4
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 7,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 12
Abstract
Abstract Serum from one hundred and ten breast cancer patients and thirty healthy female volunteers, were prospectively collected and evaluated for serum levels of Shh and IL-6 using human Shh and IL-6 specific enzyme-linked immunoassays. All patients were regularly monitored for event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Overall outcome analysis was based on serum Shh and IL-6 levels. In patients with progressive metastatic BC, both serum Shh and IL-6 concentrations were elevated in 44% (29 of 65) and 63% (41 of 65) of patients, respectively, at a statistically significant level [Shh (p = 0.0001) and IL-6 (p = 0.0001)] compared to the low levels in healthy volunteers. Serum levels tended to increase with metastatic progression and lymph node positivity. High serum Shh and IL-6 levels were associated with poor EFS and OS opposite to the negative or lower levels in serum Shh and IL-6. The elevated levels of both serum Shh and IL-6 were mainly observed in BC patients who had a significantly higher risk of early recurrence and bone metastasis, and associated with a worse survival for patients with progressive metastatic BC. Further studies are warranted for validating these biomarkers as prognostic tools in a larger patient cohort and in a longer follow-up study.
