Nowadays, it is very tough to differentiate between real news and fake news due to fast-growing social networks and technological progress. Manipulative news is defined as calculated misinformation with the aim of creating false beliefs. This kind of fake news is highly detrimental to society since it deepens political division and weakens trust in authorities and institutions. Therefore, the identification of fake news has emerged as a major field of research that seeks to validate content. The proposed model operates in two stages: First, TF-IDF is applied to an entire document to obtain its global features, and its spatial and temporal features are simultaneously obtained by employing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with a Gated Recurrent Unit. The Fast Learning Network efficiently classifies the extracted features. Comparative experiments were conducted on three easily and publicly obtainable large-scale datasets for the purposes of analyzing the efficiency of the approach proposed. The results also show how well the model performs compared with past methods of classification.
