Reactive oxygen species generation in leucocytes of rats under the influence of different concentrations of yttrium gadolinium orthovanadate during oral administration

Abstract

Background. The use of radiation-modified nanoparticles can lead to higher formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which will subsequently lead to greater cytotoxicity and genotoxicity towards tumors. Thus, when using nanomaterials in combination with irradiation, synergism of the effects of factors can be observed. Purpose –The aim of this research was to elucidate the effect of Europium-activated hydrogenated gadolinium yttrium nanoparticles at concentrations of 100 and 200 µg/kg, without irradiation and with preliminary UV irradiation, on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in peripheral blood leukocytes of rats. Materials and Methods. The experiment was performed on 30 sexually mature male rats of the WAG population, which were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 animals in each). The first group was the control group (rats received drinking water), groups 2 and 3 of animals were administered aqueous solutions of europium-activated gadolinium yttrium orthovanadate (GdYVO4 :Eu3+) for 14 days, respectively, at a dose of 100 μg/kg of animal body weight (group 2, Gd-100) and 200 μg/kg (group 3, Gd-200); animals of groups 4 and 5 of animals received a similar dose of aqueous solutions of nanoparticles for 14 days, i.e. 100 μg/kg (group 4, Gd(UV)-100) and 200 μg/kg (group 5, Gd(UV)-200), which were previously irradiated with UV light. Water and aqueous solutions of nanoparticles were administered to rats orally using a dosing pipette with a tip. Results. It has been shown that the ability of GdYVO4 :Eu3+ nanoparticles to generate ROS in leukocytes increases after their prior activation by UV light and is dosedependent. When animals are administered a solution of GdYVO4 :Eu3+ nanoparticles previously UV-irradiated at a dose of 200 μg/kg of animal body weight, the value of ROS formation indicators in rat leukocytes increases by almost 15% compared to the control group. Conclusions. Thus, GdYVO4 :Eu3+ nanoparticles have a prospect for use as an auxiliary agent for increasing the effectiveness of radiotherapy in the treatment of oncopathology, since the selective generation of ROS in tumor cells activates cell death pathways. Moreover, based on our experimental studies, we can hope that the use of GdYVO4 :Eu3+ nanoparticles, previously subjected to UV irradiation, will significantly enhance the generation of ROS under the influence of high-energy irradiation (radiation therapy).

Keywords

• europium-activated gadolinium-yttrium orthovanadate solutions nanoparticles reactive oxygen species leukocytes