Mediastinal fibrosis as a late and fatal complication of treated tuberculosis mimicking a neoplastic process in a 34-year-old man

Manar Ezzahi, MD; Zaid Ennasery, MD; Sara El Malih, MD; Amal Akammar, MD; Nizar El Bouardi, MD; Meriem Haloua, MD; Moulay Youssef Alaoui Lamrani, MD; Meryem Boubbou, MD; Mounia Serraj, MD; Mustapha Maaroufi, MD; Mohamed Smahi, MD; Amara Bouchra, MD; Badreeddine Alami, MD

Radiology Case Reports (Dec 2023)

Mediastinal fibrosis as a late and fatal complication of treated tuberculosis mimicking a neoplastic process in a 34-year-old man

Manar Ezzahi, MD,
Zaid Ennasery, MD,
Sara El Malih, MD,
Amal Akammar, MD,
Nizar El Bouardi, MD,
Meriem Haloua, MD,
Moulay Youssef Alaoui Lamrani, MD,
Meryem Boubbou, MD,
Mounia Serraj, MD,
Mustapha Maaroufi, MD,
Mohamed Smahi, MD,
Amara Bouchra, MD,
Badreeddine Alami, MD

Affiliations

Manar Ezzahi, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco; Corresponding author.
Zaid Ennasery, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Sara El Malih, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Amal Akammar, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Nizar El Bouardi, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Meriem Haloua, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Moulay Youssef Alaoui Lamrani, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Meryem Boubbou, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Mounia Serraj, MD: Department of Pneumology - CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Mustapha Maaroufi, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Mohamed Smahi, MD: Department of Thoracic Surgery - CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Amara Bouchra, MD: Department of Pneumology - CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Badreeddine Alami, MD: Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 18, no. 12
pp. 4287 – 4293

Abstract

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Fibrosing mediastinitis, also known as sclerosing mediastinitis, is an uncommon condition marked by abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue in the mediastinum. This condition may accrue either as an idiopathic condition or as a complication of an underlying disease process. Its pathogenesis remains unknown. However, most reported cases are incriminating abnormal immune-mediated hypersensitivity responses to Histoplasma infection. Other rare causes include tuberculosis, blastomycosis, and an idiopathic form that may be associated with other miscellaneous conditions. CT and MR imaging play a vital role in the diagnosis and management of this disease. We present a rare case of fibrosing mediastinitis as a late complication of tuberculosis in a 34-year-old man with a prior history of mediastinal tuberculosis, mimicking initially a neoplastic mediastinal process. We will describe this clinical case in the light of the literature and point out the contribution of radiological imaging in the diagnosis of this rare pathology.

Published in Radiology Case Reports

ISSN: 1930-0433 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Medicine: Medicine (General): Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/radiology-case-reports

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