Causal relationships of infection with Helicobacter pylori and herpesvirus on periodontitis: A Mendelian randomization study
Erli Wu,
Ming Cheng,
Shouxiang Yang,
Wanting Yuan,
Mengyun Gu,
Dandan Lu,
Lei Zhang,
Qingqing Wang,
Xiaoyu Sun,
Wei Shao
Affiliations
Erli Wu
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Ming Cheng
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Shouxiang Yang
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Wanting Yuan
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Mengyun Gu
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Dandan Lu
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
Lei Zhang
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China; Arrail Dental Group, Beijing, 100012, China
Qingqing Wang
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Periodontology, Anhui Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Corresponding author. Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
Xiaoyu Sun
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Periodontology, Anhui Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Corresponding author. Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
Wei Shao
Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Corresponding author. Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
Background: To explore the causal association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, herpesvirus infection and periodontitis (PD) from a genetic perspective using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: The PD data were derived from genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) consortium, and the FinnGen Biobank provided data on H. pylori and herpesvirus infections. In addition, we examined GWAS data for subtypes of H. pylori and herpesvirus infection. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was selected as a major analysis technique, and weighted median (WM), weighted model, simple model, and MR-Egger regression were added as supplementary methods. To verify the findings, the effects of pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed. Results: Genetically predicted H. pylori infection (OR = 0.914, 95%CI = 0.693–1.205, P = 0.523), anti-H. pylori VacA (OR = 0.973, 95%CI = 0.895–1.057, P = 0.515), anti-H. pylori CagA (OR = 1.072, 95%CI = 0.986–1.164; P = 0.102), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (OR = 1.026, 95%CI = 0.940–1.120, P = 0.567), Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (OR = 0.962, 95%CI = 0.883–1.048, P = 0.372), cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (OR = 1.025, 95%CI = 0.967–1.088, P = 0.415), EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) (OR = 1.061, 95%CI = 0.930–1.209, P = 0.378), EBV virus capsid antigen (VCA) (OR = 1.043, 95CI% = 0.890–1.222, P = 0.603), HSV-1 (OR = 1.251, 95%CI = 0.782–2.001, P = 0.351), HSV-2 (OR = 1.020, 95%CI = 0.950–1.096, P = 0.585), CMV IgG (OR = 0.990, 95CI% = 0.882–1.111, P = 0.861) were not associated with PD, indicated that H. pylori and herpesvirus infection had no causal relationship to PD. Reverse studies also found no cause effect of PD on H. pylori or herpesvirus infection. The results of the sensitivity analysis suggested the robustness of the MR results. Conclusion: This study offered preliminary proof that H. pylori and herpesvirus infections were not causally linked to PD, and vice versa. However, more robust instrumental variables (IVs) and larger samples of GWAS data were necessary for further MR analysis.
