Essential oil and trichome density from Origanum majorana L. shoots affected by leaf age and salinity

Abstract

Essential oil (EO) from Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) shoots, extracted by hydrodistillation from plant cultivated under control and salt conditions. Essential oil composition was determined by GC-MS. Plant material was harvest at three vegetative stages; early (EVS), late (LVS) and early flowering (P.F.S). Essential oil yield were 0.11% and 0.071 for E.V.S, 0.19% to 0.37% for L.V.S 0.23% and 0.47% for P.F.S, at the control and in the presence of 75 mM NaCl, respectively. Salt stress and development of vegetative stage affected the formation of the major compounds: cis-sabinene hydrate and terpinene-4-ol. Leaves were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), to determined trichomes number, size and distribution. Results showed that globular trichome density decrease with leaf maturity but increased with salinity.