Forecast of actin-binding proteins as the oncotarget in osteosarcoma – a review of mechanism, diagnosis and therapy

Abstract

Yucheng Fu,1 Wei Yu,2 Hongliu Cai,1 Anwei Lu1 1Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignant tumor with a high rate of lung metastasis and principally emerges in children and adolescents. Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy is widely used around the world, a high rate of chemoresistance occurs and frequently generates a poor prognosis. Therefore, finding a new appropriate prognostic marker for OS is a valuable research direction, which will give patients a better chance to receive proper therapy. Actin-binding proteins (ABPs) are a group of proteins that interact with actin cytoskeleton and play a crucial role in the regulation of the cell motility and morphology in eukaryotes. Meanwhile, ABPs also act as a bridge between the cytomembrane and nucleus, which transmit the outside-in and inside-out signals in cytoplasm. Furthermore, ABPs alter the dynamic structure of actin and regulate the invasion and metastasis of cancer. Hence, ABPs have a wide application in predicting the prognosis, and may be new targets, in tumor therapy. This review focuses on a series of ABPs and discusses their modulatory functions. It provides a new insight into the classification of ABPs’ functions in the process of invasion and metastasis in OS and illuminates the potential ability in predicting the prognosis of OS patients. Keywords: actin-binding proteins, osteosarcoma, oncotarget, tumor invasion and metastasis, oncotherapy

Keywords

• Actin-binding proteins
• Osteosarcoma
• Oncotarget
• Tumor invasion and metastasis
• Oncotherapy