Effect of bubble-bubble interaction in Cu−Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluids during multibubble growth process

Abstract

This paper scrutinizes the nonlinear multibubble model with considering bubble-bubble (BB) interaction in Cu−Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid over the vapour bubble radius in Newtonian mediums. Firstly, we present the derivation of the extended Rayleigh-Plesset (ERP) equation of multibubble under the effect of BB interaction in hybrid nanofluids based on the Navier-Stokes equation. The model is formulated by the continuity equation, the ERP in the hybrid nanofluids and the relations of thermophysical features in mono and hybrid nanofluids. The ERP equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation using the non-dimensions variables methodology, which is then solved analytically using the modified Plesset-Zwick method. In addition, the current model presents the influence of BB interactions on growth process of multibubble in Cu−Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluids. As a result, the impact of increasing of the number of bubbles “n” and BB interactions in a hybrid nanofluid, at n=1,2,3 on the growth process are investigated. Moreover, it is found that the growth process of multibubble dynamics in hybrid nanofluid increases when the distance between BB interaction and volume concentration decrease. The growth of multibubble dynamics in Cu−Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid is less than in the cases of water-base fluid and Al2O3/water nanofluids. Additionally, vapour bubble radii in the current study give a good agreement and lower behavior if compared with the prior investigations.

Keywords

• Bubble-bubble interaction
• Hybrid nanofluids
• Multibubble
• Plesset-Zwick method
• Superheated liquid