Role of Ultrasonography in Evaluation of Pathologies of Posterior Segment of the Orbit

Abstract

Introduction: B-mode ultrasonography provides a good anatomical background and helps to rule out various pathologic conditions that affect the posterior segment of the eye. It can guide the ophthalmologist in diagnosing disease and choosing treatment. Aim: To study the role of B-scan ultrasound in posterior segment pathology of eye. Materials and Methods: A total of 92 patients with complaints of diminution of vision, were subjected to clinical Ophthalmological examination and B scan USG to look for the presence of retinal, vitreous and choroidal pathologies. High resolution USG was done with machine (Hitachi Arietta S70) equipped with a 12-18 MHz real-time high-frequency probe and colour Doppler was used when required for further evaluation. The final diagnosis was made by correlating the USG findings with clinical diagnosis and statistical values were calculated accordingly. Results: Most of the patients presented with retinal detachment, n=45 (48.91%), vitreous haemorrhage, n=43 (46.73%) followed by vitreous degeneration, n=12 (16.30%). Choroid detachment was seen in 6 patients (6.52%) followed by Melanoma in 2 patients (2.17%) and Panophthalmitis in 1 patient (1.09%). The sensitivity of USG was 97.7% and specificity was 80% among patients with statistical significance (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study shows that B- scan was useful for accurately diagnosing 92 patients, out of which 86 (93.47%) cases had some pathology while 6 (6.52%) patients were found normal. It also shows the utility of B-scan for evaluating the posterior segment in the presence of opaque ocular media.

Keywords

• b scan ultrasonography
• ocular abnormalities