Overexpression of Terpenoid Biosynthesis Genes Modifies Root Growth and Nodulation in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)
Mohammed Ali,
Long Miao,
Fathia A. Soudy,
Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish,
Salma Saleh Alrdahe,
Dikhnah Alshehri,
Vagner A. Benedito,
Million Tadege,
Xiaobo Wang,
Jian Zhao
Affiliations
Mohammed Ali
Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, North Sinai Research Station, Desert Research Center, Department of Genetic Resources, Cairo 11753, Egypt
Long Miao
College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Fathia A. Soudy
Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
Salma Saleh Alrdahe
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
Dikhnah Alshehri
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
Vagner A. Benedito
Plant and Soil Sciences Division, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
Million Tadege
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
Xiaobo Wang
College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Jian Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, College of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Root nodule formation in many leguminous plants is known to be affected by endogen ous and exogenous factors that affect formation, development, and longevity of nodules in roots. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of the genes which are involved in the regulation of the nodulation signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the effect of terpenoids and terpene biosynthesis genes on root nodule formation in Glycine max. The study aimed to clarify not only the impact of over-expressing five terpene synthesis genes isolated from G. max and Salvia guaranitica on soybean nodulation signaling pathway, but also on the strigolactones pathway. The obtained results revealed that the over expression of GmFDPS, GmGGPPS, SgGPS, SgFPPS, and SgLINS genes enhanced the root nodule numbers, fresh weight of nodules, root, and root length. Moreover, the terpene content in the transgenic G. max hairy roots was estimated. The results explored that the monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes were significantly increased in transgenic soybean hairy roots in comparison with the control. Our results indicate the potential effects of terpenoids and terpene synthesis genes on soybean root growth and nodulation. The study provides novel insights for understanding the epistatic relationship between terpenoids, root development, and nodulation in soybean.
