Parathyroid adenomas: A case series and clinicopathological study from a tertiary care center in South India

Abstract

Background: The incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) in India is 2.5/1000 individuals. The major cause for PHP is parathyroid adenoma. To arrive at the correct diagnosis, clinical setting, biochemical and radiological investigations, the status of other glands assessed intraoperatively and finally histopathologic confirmation is essential. Materials and Methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of the last 5 years of operated cases of parathyroid adenomas. Diagnosis was based on histological confirmation. In all the cases clinical data, details of biochemical, radiological, and other investigations including histopathological findings were recorded. Results: There were four operated patients of parathyroid adenoma at our center in the last 5 years. Out of four operated cases of parathyroid adenomas, three were symptomatic and one case was detected incidentally. The symptoms were varied and included skeletal, renal, neuromuscular, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Two of the patients had diabetes mellitus at the time of presentation. They showed improvement in glycemic control after surgery. Histopathologically, all the parathyroid adenomas were of clear cell type without any evidence of capsular or vascular invasion to suggest the possibility of malignancy. Conclusion: Majority of our patients were females who showed symptomatic improvement after surgery. Histopathologically, all the cases were parathyroid adenomas and in one case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid, the parathyroid adenoma was incidentally detected.

Keywords

• Hyperparathyroidism
• papillary carcinoma of thyroid
• parathyroid adenoma