Efficacy of Proanthocyanidins from Pelargonium sidoides Root Extract in Reducing P. gingivalis Viability While Preserving Oral Commensal S. salivarius
Nijole Savickiene,
Aiste Jekabsone,
Lina Raudone,
Asmaa S. Abdelgeliel,
Andrea Cochis,
Lia Rimondini,
Elina Makarova,
Solveiga Grinberga,
Osvalds Pugovics,
Maija Dambrova,
Ingrida M. Pacauskiene,
Nomeda Basevičiene,
Pranas Viškelis
Affiliations
Nijole Savickiene
Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Aiste Jekabsone
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Lina Raudone
Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Asmaa S. Abdelgeliel
Department of Health Sciences, University Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
Andrea Cochis
Department of Health Sciences, University Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
Lia Rimondini
Department of Health Sciences, University Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
Elina Makarova
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
Solveiga Grinberga
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
Osvalds Pugovics
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
Maija Dambrova
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
Ingrida M. Pacauskiene
Clinic of Dental and Oral Pathology, LSMU Hospital, Kaunas Clinics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 2, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Nomeda Basevičiene
Clinic of Dental and Oral Pathology, LSMU Hospital, Kaunas Clinics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 2, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Pranas Viškelis
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute for Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the disruption of beneficial microbiota are key problems in contemporary medicine and make the search for new, more efficient infection treatment strategies among the most important tasks in medicine. Multicomponent plant-derived preparations with mild antibacterial activity created by many simultaneous mechanisms together with anti-inflammatory, innate immune and regenerative capacity-stimulating properties are good candidates for this therapy, and proanthocyanidins are among the most promising compounds of this sort. In this study, we have isolated proanthocyanidins from Pelargonium sidoides DC root extract and characterized and compared the composition, antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of the proanthocyanidin fraction with those of the whole extract. The results revealed that proanthocyanidins had significantly stronger antioxidant capacity compared to the root extract and exhibited a unique antibacterial action profile that selectively targets Gram-negative keystone periodontal and peri-implant pathogenic strains, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, while preserving the viability of beneficial oral commensal Streptococcus salivarius. The finding suggests that proanthocyanidins from Pelargonium sidoides root extract are good candidates for the prolonged and harmless treatment of infectious diseases.