Frontiers in Neural Circuits (Oct 2014)

Connections between EM2-containing terminals and GABA/µ-opioid receptor co-expressing neurons in the rat spinal trigeminal caudal nucleus

  • Meng-Ying eLi,
  • Zheng-Yu eWu,
  • Ya-Cheng eLu,
  • Jun-Bin eYin,
  • Jian eWang,
  • Ting eZhang,
  • Yu-Lin eDong,
  • Feng eWang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2014.00125
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8

Abstract

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Endomorphin-2 (EM2) demonstrates a potent antinociceptive effect via the µ-opioid receptor (MOR). To provide morphological evidence for the pain control effect of EM2, the synaptic connections between EM2-immunoreactive (IR) axonal terminals and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)/ MOR co-expressing neurons in lamina II of the spinal trigeminal caudal nucleus (Vc) were investigated in the rat. Dense EM2-, MOR- and GABA-IR fibers and terminals were mainly observed in lamina II of the Vc. Within lamina II, GABA- and MOR-neuronal cell bodies were also encountered. The results of immunofluorescent histochemical triple-staining showed that approximately 14.2% or 18.9% of GABA-IR or MOR-IR neurons also showed MOR- or GABA-immunopositive staining in lamina II; approximately 45.2% and 36.1% of the GABA-IR and MOR-IR neurons, respectively, expressed FOS protein in their nuclei induced by injecting formalin into the left lower lip of the mouth. Most of the GABA/MOR, GABA/FOS and MOR/FOS double-labeled neurons made close contacts with EM2-IR fibers and terminals. Immuno-electron microscopy confirmed that the EM2-IR terminals formed synapses with GABA-IR or MOR-IR dendritic processes and neuronal cell bodies in lamina II of the Vc. These results suggest that EM2 might participate in pain transmission and modulation by binding to MOR-IR and GABAergic inhibitory interneuron in lamina II of the Vc to exert inhibitory effect on the excitatory interneuron in lamina II and projection neurons in laminae I and III.

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