A qualitative study of psychological stress of elderly patients under the COVID-19 epidemic (新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下老年患者心理应激的质性研究)

Abstract

Objective To investigate the psychological stress and experience of elderly patients under the COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide reference for establishment of targeted interventions. Methods The phenomenological methodology was used in the study. An Semi-structure interview was conducted with 8 elderly patients with COVID-19, and the theme was extracted by Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis method. Results Four themes were extracted: emotional reaction of elderly patients after COVID-19 diagnosis, cognitive reaction of elderly patients after COVID-19 diagnosis, behavior reaction of elderly patients after COVID-19 diagnosis, and physiological reaction elderly patients after COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion There were multiple needs among elderly patients under the COVID-19 epidemic, and their reaction to psychological stress should be taken into consideration. Well-designed and individualized health education and psychological support should be provided by online and offline services, in order to relieve the anxiety level and enhance the confidence of elderly patients. (目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下老年患者的各种心理应激反应和真实体验, 为制订针对性干预措施提供参考。方法 采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法, 于2022年4月—5月对8例入住上海市某医院的新型冠状病毒肺炎老年患者进行面对面半结构性访谈, 并采用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈资料进行整理分析。结果 针对8例老年患者的心理应激反应和真实体验, 提炼出4个主题: 老年患者确诊新冠后的情绪反应; 老年患者确诊新冠后的认知反应; 老年患者确诊新冠后的行为反应; 老年患者确诊新冠后的生理反应。结论 在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的特殊情境下, 老年患者这类特殊群体存在着多重需求, 应关注老年患者的心理应激反应。医护人员可以通过中西医结合, 采取线上、线下的精细化、个性化的健康宣教和心理支持, 改善老年患者的焦虑和不安, 增强患者战胜疾病的信心。)

Keywords

• covid-19
• elderly patients
• psychological press
• qualitative study
• 新型冠状病毒肺炎
• 老年患者
• 心理应激
• 质性研究