INVESTIGATION OF NEUTROPHILS UNDER TECHNOLOGICAL STRESS IN COWS BY METHODS OF LASER INTERFERENCE AND ELECTRON SCANNING MICROSCOPY

Abstract

Background. Intensive milk production technology creates a number of factors that can put an animal into a state of technological stress. The effect of stress is reflected in nonspecific resistance, which represents the body's ability to resist the effects of adverse factors by maintaining protective forces at the proper level. Neutrophils are one of the first protective cellular barriers that are rapidly mobilized when exposed to stress factors. To decipher the changes taking place in response to the action of stressors, the involvement of various evaluation tools is required. One of the possible methodological approaches is the use of various visualization methods that provide access to spatio-temporal information at the level of individual organelles and Purpose. The study of the morpho-functional state of neutrophils under technological stress in cattle by laser interference and electron scanning microscopy. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 30 clinically healthy highly productive black-and-white cows. A combination of impacts was considered as technological stress: the rearrangement of animals and the change of service personnel. Neutrophils were analyzed by laser interference and electron scanning microscopy. Results. A change in the morphological structure and functional activity of neutrophils after the action of technological stress is shown. The analysis of interferograms revealed an increase in the heterogeneity of neutrophils due to the appearance of degeneratively altered cell forms with an increase in the number of functionally active neutrophils. Electron scanning microscopy revealed the appearance of NEToses and neutrophils with emptied granules and vacuolization of the cytoplasm after technological stress. Conclusion. The revealed morphofunctional changes in neutrophils prove the strain of adaptation mechanisms under technological stress. This circumstance must be taken into account in order to prevent disruption of the adaptive capabilities of the organism of highly productive animals.

Keywords

• neutrophils
• laser interference microscopy
• electron scanning microscopy
• technological stress
• cattle