Advanced Technologies for the Improvement of Spray Application Techniques in Spanish Viticulture: An Overview
Emilio Gil,
Jaume Arnó,
Jordi Llorens,
Ricardo Sanz,
Jordi Llop,
Joan R. Rosell-Polo,
Montserrat Gallart,
Alexandre Escolà
Affiliations
Emilio Gil
Department of Agri Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terradas 8, Campus del Baix Llobregat D4, 08860 Castelledfels, Barcelona, Spain
Jaume Arnó
Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Jordi Llorens
Department of Agri Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terradas 8, Campus del Baix Llobregat D4, 08860 Castelledfels, Barcelona, Spain
Ricardo Sanz
Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Jordi Llop
Department of Agri Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terradas 8, Campus del Baix Llobregat D4, 08860 Castelledfels, Barcelona, Spain
Joan R. Rosell-Polo
Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Montserrat Gallart
Department of Agri Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terradas 8, Campus del Baix Llobregat D4, 08860 Castelledfels, Barcelona, Spain
Alexandre Escolà
Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Spraying techniques have been undergoing continuous evolution in recent decades. This paper presents part of the research work carried out in Spain in the field of sensors for characterizing vineyard canopies and monitoring spray drift in order to improve vineyard spraying and make it more sustainable. Some methods and geostatistical procedures for mapping vineyard parameters are proposed, and the development of a variable rate sprayer is described. All these technologies are interesting in terms of adjusting the amount of pesticides applied to the target canopy.
