Preparation and electrochemical capacitance performance of phosphorus-doped hollow carbon spheres

Abstract

Hollow polymer spheres (HPS) were firstly prepared through a hydrothermal method using phenolic precursor and styrene as starting materials.HPS was treated with phosphorous trichloride via a Friedel-Crafts reaction to obtain phosphorus-containing cross-linked polymer.After carbonization and KOH activation,P-doped hollow porous carbon spheres (AP-HCS) were prepared.FT-IR,TG,SEM,TEM,Raman,BET and XPS, and so on, were used to characterize the composition,structure and morphology of polymer and carbon spheres.The capacitance performance was also tested in 1 mol/L H2SO4electrolyte.The results show that AP-HCS has specific surface area of 2177 m2/g,exhibits good capacitance performance of 288 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g.After charging and discharging for 5000 times at the current density of 5 A/g,the 88.9% capacity is retained, showing good capacitance performance.

Keywords

• friedel-crafts reaction
• phosphorus-doped
• hollow carbon sphere
• activation
• capacitance performance