Oddziaływanie różnych metod pielęgnacji gleby w sadzie na jej właściwości biochemiczne i plonowanie jabłoni

Abstract

The influence of various methods of soil treatment on its enzymatic activity and on the yield of apples ev. Elstar Elshof has been studied. The present research was carried out in the period 1999–2001 in a young apple orchard on a typical podzolic soil (Haplic Luvisols). It follows from the above studies that the soil treatment methods applied in the orchard can be put in the following order with regard to their influence on the soil enzymatic activity: mulching with wheat straw was the most favourable, followed by a mechanical fallow and mulching with needled cloth, followed by a herbicidal fallow maintained by means of Roundup, turf, mulching with black polyethylene foil and herbicidal fallow maintained by means of Azotop. Favourable changes in soil biochemical properties were reflected in better apple yields. A close relationship between the activities of dehydrogenases, phosphatases, ureases and proteases and apple tree yield proves that the above enzymes are good indicators of soil micro-flora activities, forming soil productivity in the orchard studied.