Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines

Abstract

A global pandemic of coronavirus disease requires a rapid solution by achieving the herd immunity with global vaccination. Production of the vaccines usually requires years of research and testing before they can be used. In 2020, the scientific community launched worldwide research with the aim of producing vaccines in a record time. More than 60 vaccines are currently being tested in human clinical trials, and about 20 of them have reached the final stages of testing. Arrangements are underway to conclude contracts with vaccine manufacturers, and agreements are being reached for the production, purchase and supply of the vaccines. Procurement agreements take a long time and are contracted with several manufacturers. This article reviews currently available data on vaccine efficacy, safety and availability.

Keywords

• coronavirus infections – epidemiology
• immunology
• prevention and control; covid-19 – epidemiology
• immnunology
• prevention and control; pandemics – prevention and control; covid-19 vaccines – adverse effects
• immunology; viral vaccines – adverse effects
• immunology; vaccination – adverse effects; drug hypersensitivity – etiology; immunogenicity