LIVESTOCK BREEDING OF THE TRANSURALS REGION IN THE YEARS OF THE CIVIL WAR AND THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY (1919–1928)

Abstract

Purpose. Uncover the history of the organization of breeding work in the Urals during the civil war and the new economic policy. Methodology. Research basis is made: principle of objectivity and historical method. Scientific methods are used: historical, logical, inductions, deductions of and other, and actually historical: narrative, retrospective, comparative to and other. Results. In the article the characteristics of livestock breeds on the eve of the 1920th, marked its advantages and disadvantages, identifies the causes of decline (civil war, foreign intervention and the drought of 1921) and rise in the industry (New Economic Policy), the basic directions of breeding: 1919 – organization of breeding nurseries, private breeding stations; 1920 – establishment of the breeding; 1924 – decentralization of breeding, the creation of a network of breeding stations; 1925 – organization of associations (control and horse). It was the beginning of livestock cooperatives in the region. Shown work to improve the quality of animals in the years 1919–1928 and its results. Application domain: research results it can draw on to the animal technicians during organization of tribal work and as additional material on seminar employments for students-animal technicians on courses: “Agrarian politics of Russia on the modern stage” and “History”.

Keywords

• племенное животноводство
• новая экономическая политика
• породы животных
• племхозы
• случные пункты
• племенные фермы
• Зауралье
• гражданская война