The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2023)
TOI-3235 b: A Transiting Giant Planet around an M4 Dwarf Star
- Melissa J. Hobson,
- Andrés Jordán,
- E. M. Bryant,
- R. Brahm,
- D. Bayliss,
- J. D. Hartman,
- G. Á. Bakos,
- Th. Henning,
- Jose Manuel Almenara,
- Khalid Barkaoui,
- Zouhair Benkhaldoun,
- Xavier Bonfils,
- François Bouchy,
- David Charbonneau,
- Marion Cointepas,
- Karen A. Collins,
- Jason D. Eastman,
- Mourad Ghachoui,
- Michaël Gillon,
- Robert F. Goeke,
- Keith Horne,
- Jonathan M. Irwin,
- Emmanuel Jehin,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- David W. Latham,
- Dan Moldovan,
- Felipe Murgas,
- Francisco J. Pozuelos,
- George R. Ricker,
- Richard P. Schwarz,
- S. Seager,
- Gregor Srdoc,
- Stephanie Striegel,
- Mathilde Timmermans,
- Andrew Vanderburg,
- Roland Vanderspek,
- Joshua N. Winn
Affiliations
- Melissa J. Hobson
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, D-69117—Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]; Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) , Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
- Andrés Jordán
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) , Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100, Providencia, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile; Data Observatory Foundation , Santiago, Chile
- E. M. Bryant
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK
- R. Brahm
- ORCiD
- Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) , Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100, Providencia, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile; Data Observatory Foundation , Santiago, Chile
- D. Bayliss
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- J. D. Hartman
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , NJ 08544, USA
- G. Á. Bakos
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , NJ 08544, USA
- Th. Henning
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, D-69117—Heidelberg, Germany ; [email protected]
- Jose Manuel Almenara
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Khalid Barkaoui
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) , Calle Vía Láctea s/n, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Zouhair Benkhaldoun
- ORCiD
- Oukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech, Morocco
- Xavier Bonfils
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- François Bouchy
- ORCiD
- Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- David Charbonneau
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Marion Cointepas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Observatoire de Genève, Département d’Astronomie, Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51b, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Karen A. Collins
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Jason D. Eastman
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Mourad Ghachoui
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Oukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech, Morocco
- Michaël Gillon
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Robert F. Goeke
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Keith Horne
- ORCiD
- SUPA Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews , Fife, KY16 9SS Scotland, UK
- Jonathan M. Irwin
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
- Emmanuel Jehin
- ORCiD
- Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège , Belgium
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- David W. Latham
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Dan Moldovan
- Google , Cambridge, MA, USA
- Felipe Murgas
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) , E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Dept. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL) , E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Francisco J. Pozuelos
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège , Belgium; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC) , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain
- George R. Ricker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Richard P. Schwarz
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics , MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Gregor Srdoc
- Kotizarovci Observatory , Sarsoni 90, 51216 Viskovo, Croatia
- Stephanie Striegel
- San Jose State University , 1 Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
- Mathilde Timmermans
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , 19C Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Andrew Vanderburg
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Roland Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acbd9a
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 946,
no. 1
p. L4
Abstract
We present the discovery of TOI-3235 b, a short-period Jupiter orbiting an M dwarf with a stellar mass close to the critical mass at which stars transition from partially to fully convective. TOI-3235 b was first identified as a candidate from TESS photometry and confirmed with radial velocities from ESPRESSO and ground-based photometry from HATSouth, MEarth-South, TRAPPIST-South, LCOGT, and ExTrA. We find that the planet has a mass of 0.665 ± 0.025 M _J and a radius of 1.017 ± 0.044 R _J . It orbits close to its host star, with an orbital period of 2.5926 days but has an equilibrium temperature of ≈ 604 K, well below the expected threshold for radius inflation of hot Jupiters. The host star has a mass of 0.3939 ± 0.0030 M _☉ , a radius of 0.3697 ± 0.0018 R _☉ , an effective temperature of 3389 K, and a J -band magnitude of 11.706 ± 0.025. Current planet formation models do not predict the existence of gas giants such as TOI-3235 b around such low-mass stars. With a high transmission spectroscopy metric, TOI-3235 b is one of the best-suited giants orbiting M dwarfs for atmospheric characterization.
Keywords
