Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population

Abstract

Abstract The COVID-19 infection is assumed to induce cognitive failure. Identifying the relationship between COVID-19, the effect of vaccination and medication, and accommodating non-COVID-19 factors to cognitive failure is essential. This study was conducted in Indonesia from September 2021 to January 2023. Demographic information, clinical data, comorbidities, vaccination, and medication during COVID-19 were obtained, as well as a 6-month cognitive assessment with Cognitive Failures Questionnaire/CFQ, Fatigue Severity Score, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). A Structural Equation Model explains the relationship between potential predictors and cognitive failure. The average score of CFQ after 6 months was 45.6 ± 23.1 out of 100. The severity of the disease, which was associated with vaccination status, age, previous infection, and unit of treatment (p 0.05). This study concludes that cognitive failure after COVID-19 is a multifactorial event and does not solely depend on COVID-19 severity. It is crucial to re-address the factors related to the long-term efficacy of vaccination and medication and focus on non-health factors affecting cognitive failure. Trial Registration: NCT05060562.