Consumo de mistura mineral e desempenho de bezerros alimentados com sucedâneos do leite Intake of mineral supplement and performance of calves fed milk replaces

Abstract

Utilizaram-se 42 bezerros da raça Holandesa para avaliação do consumo de mistura mineral (MM), até os 60 dias. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos conforme o sucedâneo fornecido: grupo soro/leite + MM (SLMM); grupo soro + MM (SMM); e grupo soja/leite + MM (SOMM). Os animais receberam concentrado, feno, MM e água à vontade. A avaliação do ganho de peso foi feita semanalmente. A concentração de glicose plasmática foi medida aos 7, 14 e 21 dias de vida, antes do fornecimento da dieta, e às 3, 6 e 9 horas após a primeira refeição. Realizaram-se hemogramas semanais para avaliações clínicas. Aos 30 e aos 60 dias, colheram-se sangue e urina de cinco animais de cada grupo, os quais foram sacrificados para obtenção de fragmentos do fígado, para análises de minerais. Os animais do grupo SMM apresentaram menores consumos de concentrado e matéria seca total (MST) entre a sexta e oitava semanas (PForty-two Holstein calves were used to evaluate the mineral supplement (MS) intake up to 60-day-old. The calves were divided into three groups, according to the milk replacer: whey/milk + MS (WMMS); whey + MS (WMS) and soy/milk + MS (SMMS). Commercial calf starter, hay, MS and water were offered "ad libitum", and the intake was measured daily. Body weight was monitored once a week and blood glucose levels were quantified on 14, 21 and 28-day-old and also before the supply of the diets, 3, 6 and 9 hours after feeding. Blood samples were collected weekly for blood count. On 30 and 60-day-old, five calves of each group had blood and urine samples collected for serum copper determination. After then, the animals were slaughtered and liver fragments were analyzed for minerals contents. It was found that between the sixth and eighth weeks, the calves from WMS group decreased the intake (P<0.05) of starter 674.72g/day and total dry matter (TDM) 699.33 when compared to the calves from WMMS and SMMS groups, which consumed an average of 1,080.02 and 1,223.65g/day of concentrate and 1,134.31 and 1,287.84g/day of TDM respectively. Animals from SMMS group presented higher weight gain (2.18kg/week) than MMS ones (1.13kg/week; P<0.05). The intake mean of MM in the first month was 9.00g/a/d and after the first month was 4.62g/a/d. Blood glucose levels were different among ages and times after feeding (P<0.05).

Keywords

• bezerro
• cobre
• glicose
• hemograma
• minerais
• calf
• blood count
• copper
• glucose
• mineral