Validation of a Rapid Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with Anion Exchange Chromatography Method for the Determination of D-Psicose in Raisin Matrices

Abstract

D-psicose is a rare sugar, used as an alternative to the natural sweetener that provides 70% of sucrose’s sweetness, with low-calorie absorption in the human body. Considering the health-beneficial effect and high availability of D-psicose in raisins (the world’s most consumed dried fruit), it is of interest to establish a reliable analytical method to determine D-psicose content in these matrices. Herein, a new method for determining D-psicose content in raisins, using ultrasound-assisted extraction in conjunction with anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (UAE-HPAEC-PAD) systems, has been developed and validated. The stability of D-psicose and its precursor was priorly assessed by applying a specific ultrasound power (100 W) and pulse duty cycle (0.5 s−1), with varying extraction temperatures (10, 25, 40, 55, 70, and 85 °C) and times (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min). The method was validated with high linearity (R2 > 0.999), accuracy (89.78–101.06%), and precision (4.8% intra-day and 4.34% inter-day). A number of raisin products were checked during the method applicability assessment. A concentration of 520 mg kg−1 was found in a specimen of commercial raisin matrix.

Keywords

• D-psicose
• fructose
• high-performance anion exchange chromatography
• pulsed amperometric detection
• rare sugar