Shanghai yufang yixue (Aug 2024)

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Hainan Province from 2020 to 2023

  • ZHOU Chunmiao,
  • HAN Hui,
  • ZHANG Jiongjiong

DOI
https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2024.23743
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 36, no. 8
pp. 735 – 740

Abstract

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ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors in Hainan Province.MethodsHBV screening was conducted on 6 851 samples from voluntary blood donors in Hainan Province from January 2020 to January 2023. The samples were grouped according to donation frequency, method, age, gender, occupation, and education level, and risk factors related to HBV infection and genotypes were analyzed.ResultsThe HBV infection rate among first-time blood donors (3.59%) was higher than that among repeat donors (0.16%). Among first-time blood donors, the HBV infection rate in males (2.22%) was higher than in females (1.66%), and the infection rate increased with age (all P<0.05). Blood donors who were teachers (1.18%), militaries (1.01%), civil servants (1.27%), and medical staffs (0.85%) had lower HBV infection rate, while workers (6.05%), farmers (6.15%), and freelancers (7.61%), and service industry workers (8.77%) had higher HBV infection rate. The infection rate decreased with higher education levels (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that multiple blood donations (OR=0.623, 95%CI: 0.337‒0.945), history of intravenous transfusions (OR=1.694,95%CI: 1.517‒1.946), and family history of HBV infection (OR=1.768, 95%CI: 1.265‒1.934) were independent risk factors for HBV infection (all P<0.05). Significant differences were observed among different HBV genotypes in terms of HBeAg positivity rate, HBeAb positivity rate, incidence of post hepatitis B cirrhosis, as well as levels of ALT, AST, and HBV-DNA (all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, HBeAg, HBV-DNA, and clinical type were risk factors for HBV genotype distribution (P<0.05).ConclusionHainan Province is a low-prevalence area for HBV infection, but the latent risk for HBV infection still exists. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly understand the basic information and HBV infection genotypes of blood donors, so as to select healthy blood donors and reduce the discovery and transmission of HBV-positive cases among blood donors.

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