Does Gap Opening and Planting to Rehabilitate the Degraded Tropical Natural Forests Affect the Forest Composition and Structure?

Abstract

By 2020, there were 33.4 million ha of degraded forests in Indonesia. If it is not rehabilitated, there will be land-use changes that significantly affect its biodiversity and environment. Gap planting is an important silvicultural regeneration method to rehabilitate degraded tropical natural forests. We studied the subject in a 10-ha degraded lowland tropical natural forest in Central Borneo, Indonesia. The study aims to compare the composition and structure of degraded tropical natural forests before and after gap planting. The methods used consist of (1) gap planting with a proportion of the total gap area to the total degraded natural forest area of 40%; (2) vegetation analysis to assess the composition and structure of forest. The results showed that the use of the gap planting method in the rehabilitation of degraded natural tropical forests is able to maintain the stability of species composition and stand structure, species diversity, species evenness, and forest communities. In conclusion, the study provided significant empirical results on the composition and structure of degraded tropical natural forests before and after gap planting, which would be instrumental for the development of rehabilitation strategies. It is recommended that the rehabilitation of degraded tropical natural forests in Indonesia can be carried out using the gap planting method.

Keywords

• artificial gap
• productivity
• degraded forest
• biodiversity
• environmental performance