Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (Apr 2011)
Health-related quality of life in patients with Chagas disease Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde na doença de Chagas
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease (ChD) is a chronic illness related to significant morbidity and mortality that can affect the quality of life (QoL) of infected patients. However, there are few studies regarding QoL in ChD. The objectives of this study are to construct a health-related QoL (HRQoL) profile of ChD patients and compare this with a non-ChD (NChD) group to identify factors associated with the worst HRQoL scores in ChD patients. METHODS: HRQoL was investigated in 125 patients with ChD and 21 NChD individuals using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ). Patients were submitted to a standard protocol that included clinical examination, ECG, Holter monitoring, Doppler echocardiogram and autonomic function tests. RESULTS: HRQoL scores were significantly worse among the ChD group compared to the NChD group in the SF-36 domains of physical functioning and role-emotional and in the MLWHFQ scale. For the ChD group, univariate analysis showed that HRQoL score quartiles were associated with level of education, sex, marital status, use of medication, functional classification and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms. In the multivariate analysis, female sex, fewer years of education, single status, worst functional classification, presence of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms, associated illnesses, Doppler echocardiographic abnormalities and ventricular arrhythmia detected during Holter monitoring were predictors of lower HRQoL scores. CONCLUSIONS: ChD patients showed worse HRQoL scores compared to NChD. For the ChD group, sociodemographic and clinical variables were associated with worst scores.INTRODUÇÃO: A doença de Chagas (DCh) é associada à morbidade e mortalidade significativas e que pode afetar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos pacientes infectados. Entretanto, encontramos poucos estudos sobre a QV na DCh. Os objetivos deste estudo são definir o perfil de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em pacientes com DCh, compará-lo com indivíduos sem a doença de Chagas (NDCh) e encontrar os fatores associados com os piores escores de QV para aqueles com DCh. MÉTODOS: A QVRS foi investigada em 125 pacientes com DCh e 21 NDCh aplicando-se os questionários Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short-Form (SF36) e Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionanaire (MLWHFQ). Os pacientes foram submetidos a exame clínico, ECG, monitorização por Holter, Doppler ecocardiograma e testes de função autonômicas. RESULTADOS: Os escores de QVRS nos domínios capacidade física e aspecto emocional do SF36 e na escala de MLWHFQ foram significativamente piores entre os pacientes com DCh. A análise univariada mostrou associação dos escores QVRS e nível de formação, gênero, situação conjugal, uso de medicamentos, classe funcional e sintomas cardiovasculares e gastrointestinais. Na análise multivariada, sexo feminino, poucos anos de estudos, situação conjugal de solteiro, pior classificação funcional, presença de sintomas cardiovasculares e gastrointestinais, doenças associadas, alteração ao Doppler ecocardiograma e arritmia ventricular ao Holter foram preditores de pior QVRS. CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes com DCh apresentaram piores escores de QVRS quando comparados com NDCh. Para o grupo com DCh, variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas se associaram aos piores escores.
