Известия Томского политехнического университета: Инжиниринг георесурсов (May 2019)
Ecological-geochemical characteristic of surface water of the gold mine "Pioneer" in Amur region
Abstract
Taking complex ecological measures is extremely necessary for successful functioning of the developed layers of minerals and adoption in this case of practical recommendations. These conditions can be acceptable, if adequate information on the contemporary state of natural environment both as a whole and its components will be obtained. When solving the ecological problems of local nature those geo-system, which are most subjected to anthropogenic disturbances, connected with mining production become the most vulnerable. The study of gold-ore layer "Pioneer" is connected with the forecast evaluation of adverse effect of mining operations on environment. For fulfilling these works the objective information on a deposit geo-ecological state is required. The aim of the research is to analyze the contemporary ecological-geochemical condition of surface waters within the gold-ore layer "Pioneer". Methods of the study: the topographical-geochemical, statistical, topographical-ecological analysis, atomic-absorption, atomic-emissive and mass-spectral, the analysis of literary and fund materials. Results. According to the results of geo-ecological studies of the territory of gold-ore layer "Pioneer" the author has estimated the surface waters state. The author calculated the load factors according to the processed results of the analyses of aqueous tests for each element, the summary index of 1-2, 3-4 classes water pollution and estimated the pollution degree (permitted, moderately dangerous, dangerous, extremely dangerous). By the results of data processing the map of the results of surface water hydrochemical testing was built. The surface waters over the area under study are contaminated everywhere and they are characterized on total pollution from the moderately dangerous to the extremely dangerous degree. In essence, they are polluted with the following chemical elements and the connections: iron, manganese, aluminum, lithium, oxidizability, colorfulness and from the elements of the first classes of danger - mercury. The increased contents of iron, manganese, aluminum, lithium, organic matter, colorfulness are caused by natural geochemical and hydrochemical situation. The presence of swampiness, peats and, as a result, oxidizing hydrochemical conditions, contribute to their increased concentration.
