International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine (Jan 2022)

Using the Extended Cox Model to Determine Factors Affecting the Length of Hospitalization in Patients with Drug Poisoning

  • Sara Sabbaghian Tousi,
  • Roya Jabbari,
  • Bita Dadpour,
  • Hosein Roghangaran Khiabani,
  • Rosita Salari,
  • Parastoo Golpour

DOI
https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.vi.36738
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 2
pp. 36738 – 36738

Abstract

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Background: Poisoning is a medical emergency, and is considered as a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study, the extended Cox model was used to determine the factors affecting the length of hospitalization in those with drug poisoning. Methods: The sample size included 2408 patients with opioids poisoning referring to the Emergency Department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran from March 21, 2018 to March 20, 2019. Extended Cox model was fitted to determine the effect of five covariates (age, gender, marital status, type of poisoning, and type of opioids). In survival analysis, the length of hospitalization was considered as a time covariate (T). Patients’ recovery was also regarded as an event. Results: Of 2408 patients, 399 (16.6%) were censored and 2009 (83.4%) were uncensored. The risk of failure in complete recovery from poisoning in males was 1.189 times more compared to females. The risk of failure in complete recovery for the 15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and >65 years age groups were 0.277, 0.241, 0.289, and 0.481 times lower, respectively compared to the 65 years age groups were 1.024, 1.028, and 1.040 times more, respectively compared to the <2 years age group. Moreover, for those poisoned accidentally, the risk was 1.197 times more compared to those poisoned intentionally by the time (day) of hospital stay. Conclusion: The factors affecting the length of hospitalization in those poisoned by drugs are gender, marital status, and type of opioids covariate as time-independent covariate, and age and type of poisoning as time-dependent covariates. Since the complications of drug poisoning impose many costs on the health system, knowledge of these covariates can help take some measures for complete recovery of poisoned patients in a shorter length of hospital stay.

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