Characteristics of the Genetic Variation of a Swamp Buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) of South Sumatra Based on Polymerase Chain Reaction-Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD)

Abstract

Swamp buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) is one of the endemic species that become a wealth of genetic resources of South Sumatra. This study aims to the genetic variation and relationships of kinship 6 variants of swamp buffalo South Sumatera. The methods used by the molecular approach using RAPD-PCR primer 5 i.e. ILO 1204, ILO 1212, ILO 525, OPW 03 and OPY 13. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver 16.0 and presented in dendrogram. The results of the amplification, all primary produce band with a total of 63 band of DNA (14.92%) with an average of every primary produce 12.6 band of DNA. The most primary produce DNA polymorphic bands namely OPW 03 (23.81%) and ILO 1204 (20.63%), while the primary ILO 525 (0.00%) do not generate polymorphic bands. Genetic variation of swamp buffalo has a low genetic variation with 14.92% percentage it generated polymorphic bands. The results of the dendogram obtained two clusters namely cluster 1 included Kerbau Tanduk Bulat, Kerbau Tanduk Langit, Kerbau Tanduk Melintang and Kerbau Tanduk Dungkul, while the cluster 2 of them Kerbau Bule and Kerbau Rebah Belakang. Swamp buffalo variants that have the closest genetic distance. Kerbau Tanduk Langit and Kerbau Tanduk Bulat with 856 coefficient similarity, while the farthest Kerbau Tanduk Langit and Kerbau Bule with the coefficient similarity -972. Swamp buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) of South Sumatera, which consists of 6 variants of buffalo have low genetic variation and inbreeding of closekinship.