Flow-mediated dilation can be used to predict incident hypertension in patients with hyperuricemia

Abstract

Introduction The aim of the study was to evaluate whether flow-mediated dilation (FMD) can be used to predict incident hypertension in patients with hyperuricemia. Material and methods Normotensive participants with and without hyperuricemia at baseline were prospectively enrolled. Flow-mediated dilation was assessed at baseline, and after 1 year’s follow-up the incidence of hypertension was compared between those with and without hyperuricemia. The predictive value of baseline FMD for incident hypertension among hyperuricemia patients was evaluated. Results A total of 222 participants were included. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) was 129.5 ±8.4 mm Hg and 78.3 ±7.9 mm Hg. Mean serum uric acid (UA) level was 4.4 ±2.8 mg/dl. Mean FMD was 5.1 ±2.7%. Compared to normal UA group, hyperuricemia group had higher proportion of male (58.4% vs. 61.2%), higher systolic BP (125.4 ±7.9 mm Hg vs. 132.1 ±7.3 mm Hg), serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (3.9 ±2.2 mg/dl vs. 4.5 ±3.0 mg/dl) and UA (3.5 ±1.4 mg/dl vs. 5.7 ±0.7 mg/dl) levels, but lower mean FMD (5.6 ±2.4% vs. 4.8 ±2.0%) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). No participant in normal UA group developed hypertension, while in hyperuricemia group, 6 participants developed hypertension. In hyperuricemia participants, after adjusted for covariates, per 1-standard deviation decrease in baseline FMD remained significantly associated with 15% increased risk of incident hypertension. Conclusions Patients with hyperuricemia have an increased risk of developing hypertension, and low baseline FMD in hyperuricemia patients is associated with significantly increased risk of incident hypertension.

Keywords

• hypertension
• flow-mediated dilation
• hyperuricemia