Effectiveness of modern acaricidal preparations for bee varroasis
Abstract
Beekeeping is of great economic importance due to the production from bees and the creation of opportunities for natural pollination of crops in order to increase their yield. One of the major reasons holding back the development of beekeeping is invasive diseases, among which a large proportion is varroasis. A large number of chemicals, most commonly belonging to the group of synthetic pyrethroids, have been developed and registered for combating bee varroasis. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of modern acaricidal preparations for varroasis of bees, depending on the active substance and method of its application. The experimental determination of acaricidal action of four domestic preparations was carried out, namely: in the form of strips – Varolom (AS – tau-fluvalinate), Flukontakt (AS – flumethrin), Varoatsyd (AS – amitraz); in the form of an emulsion in the processing of bees by smoking and small-drip irrigation – Taktamit (AS – amitraz). Striped drugs have been found to be highly effective in combating varroasis of bees. At 30 days of treatment, the efficacy of Flukontakt averaged 99.05%, Varolom – 96.46%, Varoatsyd – 95.46%. When comparing the effectiveness of Taktamit in different ways of its use, it was determined that the greatest detrimental effect on the causative agent of varroasis was the agent used in the form of smoking with the help of the smoke-gun Varomor. The efficiency of acaricidal treatment of bees reached 98.36%. When using Taktamit in the form of small-water irrigation of bee families, its efficiency was lower and was 95.00%. At the same time, in the treatment of bees, their flight activity at air temperatures above 15 °C increased significantly during the 1–24 h period by 12.75–32.74% compared with the invaded untreated families. Moreover, this indicator was significantly higher (by 11.06%) 24 h after the use of Taktamit by smoking compared to the use of this drug by small-drip irrigation. Conducted medical activities have led to increased honey productivity in research families. The amount of harvested honey received was significantly higher in those bee families where the efficiency of acaricidal treatments was highest.
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