Off-line ESI-MS/MS profiling of betalains and flavonoid glycosides isolated from (fruit) Opuntia stricta var. dillenii and (vegetable) Atriplex hortensis var. rubra by countercurrent chromatography

Abstract

Opuntia stricta var. dillenii and Atriplex hortensis var. rubra, two plant species with abundant betalain and flavonoid content, were studied by high performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) coupled with ESI-MS/ MS in an off-line detection process. Both CCC runs used tert.-butyl-methyl-ether/n-butanol/acetonitrile/water 1% trifluoroacetic acid (v/v/v/v, 2:2:1:5) as a biphasic solvent system within an elution-extrusion mode. The resulting fractions were scanned by an off-line sequential injection to ESI-MS/MS approach. The separation of Opuntia stricta var. dillenii extract showed a partial isolation of principal betalains (betanin) from their derivatives (betanidin, phyllocactin, feruloyl-betanin, betaxanthin), degraded products (hydroxyl-neobetanin, mono decarboxy-betanins), and flavonoid glycosides (isorhamnetin-rutinoside, kaempferol-rutinoside). In case of Atriplex hortensis var. rubra, this study confirmed the coexistence of several flavonoids (quercetin-Omalonyl glucoside, kaempferol-O-malonyl glucoside) and generated few pure pigment fractions (celosianin II) for structural elucidation.

Keywords

• Atriplex hortensis var. rubra
• betalains
• countercurrent chromatography (CCC)
• ESI-MS/MS
• Opuntia stricta var. dillenii