Valorization of Moroccan Bentonite Deposits: “Purification and Treatment of Margin by the Adsorption Process”
Hanane Ait Hmeid,
Mustapha Akodad,
Mourad Baghour,
Abdelmajid Moumen,
Ali Skalli,
Ghizlane Azizi,
Hicham Gueddari,
Mostapha Maach,
Mimoun Aalaoul,
Ahmed Anjjar,
Lahcen Daoudi
Affiliations
Hanane Ait Hmeid
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Mustapha Akodad
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Mourad Baghour
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Abdelmajid Moumen
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Ali Skalli
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Ghizlane Azizi
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Hicham Gueddari
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Mostapha Maach
Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, Nador 60700, Morocco
Mimoun Aalaoul
Laboratory of Applied Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, Mohamed 1st University, Oujda 60000, Morocco
Ahmed Anjjar
Laboratory of Georessources and Environment (GRE), Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, B.P.2202-Imouzzer Road, Fes 30000, Morocco
Lahcen Daoudi
Laboratory of Geosciences Georesources and Environment, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science and Technology University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
The main objective of this work was to contribute to the reduction in the contamination of phenolic compounds contained in margin by an adsorption process on two types of raw bentonite. The margin used in the studies was collected from a semi-modern oil mill located in the Nador–Morocco region. The results of the physico-chemical analyses showed that the effluents of the oil mills showed that they are highly polluted, particularly in terms of the total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and iron content of around 154.82 (mg/L), and copper content of 31.72 (mg/L). The mineralogy of bentonites studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals the existence of two types of montmorillonite; theoretically, the diffraction peak (001) of the montmorillonite appears at 15 Å, with a basal spacing that corresponds to a calcium pole, and the diffraction peak (001) appears at 12Å, with a basal spacing that corresponds to a sodium pole. The specific surface area of the bentonite used is characterized by a large specific surface area, varying between 127.62 m2·g−1 and 693.04 m2·g−1, which is due to the presence of hydrated interleaved cations. This surface is likely to increase in aqueous solution depending on the solid/liquid ratio that modulates the degree of hydration. With a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) (146.54 meq/100 g), samples of margin mixed with raw bentonites at different percentages vary between 5% and 100%. The potential of Moroccan bentonite for the phenol adsorption of 9.17 (g/L) from aqueous solutions was investigated. Adsorption tests have confirmed the effectiveness of these natural minerals in reducing phenolic compounds ranging from 8.72% to 76.23% contained in the margin and the efficiency of heavy metal retention through microelements on raw bentonites. The very encouraging results obtained in this work could aid in the application of adsorption for the treatment of margin.
