Зерновое хозяйство России (Jun 2018)
BREEDING OF TRITICALE WITH WHEAT TYPE OF GRAIN
Abstract
On the basic of the long-term experiments and study of morpho-biologic traits of triticale we determined the parameters of the model varieties of grain-fodder, fodder and bread-making triticale. According to the data the potential productivity of the model variety of the bread-making type should be 95 hwt per hectare. The variety must have good grain (8 points) with the test weight of 760 g/l and more, protein content from 12,5 to 14,5% and gluten up to 28%, good rheological properties of dough; it must form the loaves with the volume of 750 cm3, porosity of 3-4 points with the general bread-making assessment of 4-4,2 points. The leaf rust infection should be less than 10%. The variety ‘Khleborob’ was developed by the method of intervarietal hybridization within Triticale and the double individual selection in the hybrid population (Fahad-3/Erizo-15)/Mudrets// 98-115т3. The spring sample of Mexican selection ‘Fahad-3/Erizo-15’ possesses high indexes of the test weight, 1000-grain weight and wheat proportions of grain. ‘Mudrets’ is a frost tolerant sample with smooth large, vitreous grain. The variety ‘Khleborob’ is characterized with high productivity, adaptive properties, drought tolerance, and resistance to diseases. The main advantage of the variety is the grain of wheat type: the ratio of length to width (1:2,1); the ratio of length to thickness (1:2,3). The grain is of red color, with 1000-grain weight of 45-55 g, with high test weight of 750-782 g/l. The variety is later maturing; it produces spikes 3-5 days earlier than the standard variety ‘Soyuz’. It has a middle length of 110 to 130 cm depending on growing conditions, stable to lodging. The results of the variety-testing after four ancestors during the years of 2011-2013 showed that the average productivity of the variety was 76,1 hwt per ha, which was on 20,6 hwt more than the standard variety ‘Soyuz’ and on 8,4 hwt more than the variety ‘Valentin-90’. The variety showed high resistance to such diseases as yellow rust, powdery mildew and smut, leaf and stem rust. It possesses average stability to pirenoforoz (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) of leaves and fusariosis of head.
