CEREBRAL MICROEMBOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, WHO ARE IN REHABILITATION AFTER A VIOLATION OF CEREBRAL CIRCULATION, SEVERE BRAIN INJURIES

Abstract

The article presents the analysis of the study results the detection rate of microemboli in middle cerebral arteries of patients with cardiovascular disease: stenosing atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries, atrial fibrillation, a condition after implantation of an artificial heart valve, treatment and rehabilitation after cerebrovascular accident, severe damage to the brain due to vascular diseases (aneurysm of cerebral vessels, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke), traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, including, after neurosurgical interventions in comparison with practically healthy people. Transcranial Doppler monitoring of intracranial arteries was performed for all the examined patients. Microembolism detection was performed during two-way transcranial Doppler monitoring of flows in the middle cerebral arteries. Pathological signals included high-energy signals with a relative power increase of more than 20 dB/ms, during which the Doppler power increased by at least 5 dB and lasted for at least 4 ms. To evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques using duplex scanning in patients with stenotic atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, the classification A. Gray-Weale et al. The detection and evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques was carried out during routine studies of the main arteries of the head using a linear sensor of the DC-8 ultrasound device, Mindray. During the study, signs of microembolism were registered in all the selected groups. They were less often detected in the control group in practically healthy individuals, which is explained by the lack of clear prerequisites for the formation of microemboluses. In the group of patients with a permanent form of atrial fibrillation, the number of cases of microembolism detection did not exceed half of the examined patients. In comparison groups, patients with stenotic atherosclerosis have the highest incidence of microembolism in patients with heterogeneous atherosclerotic plaques. And coincides with the distribution of the average number of microembolic signals.

Keywords

• церебральная микроэмболия
• микроэмболический сигнал
• ультразвуковая допплерография
• церебральные артерии
• коморбидная патология