Microsatellite Instability and BAT-26 Marker Expression in a Mexican Prostate Cancer Population with Different Gleason Scores
Ana K. Flores-Islas,
Manuel A. Rico-Méndez,
Marisol Godínez-Rubí,
Martha Arisbeth Villanueva-Pérez,
Erick Sierra-Díaz,
Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez,
Saul A. Beltrán-Ontiveros,
Perla Y. Gutiérrez-Arzapalo,
José M. Moreno-Ortiz,
Adrián Ramírez-de-Arellano
Affiliations
Ana K. Flores-Islas
Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer e Infecciones, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Manuel A. Rico-Méndez
Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Marisol Godínez-Rubí
Laboratorio de Patología Diagnóstica e Inmunohistoquímica, Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Martha Arisbeth Villanueva-Pérez
Patología y Nefropatología, Centro de Diagnóstico e Investigación, Guadalajara 44600, Jalisco, Mexico
Erick Sierra-Díaz
Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer e Infecciones, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Saul A. Beltrán-Ontiveros
Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80030, Sinaloa, Mexico
Perla Y. Gutiérrez-Arzapalo
Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80030, Sinaloa, Mexico
José M. Moreno-Ortiz
Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Adrián Ramírez-de-Arellano
Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer e Infecciones, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. While standard treatments often provide good initial results, many patients eventually develop resistance and experience a more aggressive relapse. Microsatellite instability (MSI) involves variations in the lengths of microsatellite base repeats in cells. Assessing the frequency of MSI is essential, as it may identify candidates for immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have shown promising outcomes. This study focuses on evaluating the MSI frequency in Mexican PCa patients and exploring its potential relationship with tumor aggressiveness. Methods: In this study, 116 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumoral tissue biopsies from Mexican patients with PCa were collected from Hospital Civil de Culiacán and Pathology and Nephropathology, Diagnosis and Research Center, in the period from 2021 to 2024. The Gleason score was assessed, and the MSI was performed by multiplex PCR with a panel of five markers (NR-27, NR-21, NR-24, BAT-25, and BAT-26). High microsatellite instability (MSI-H) was defined as two or more unstable markers, low microsatellite instability (MSI-L) as an unstable marker, and microsatellite stability (MSS) as no unstable marker. Results: We found 19.83% (23/116) MSI PCa patients, of which 21.74% (5/23) were MSI-H, and 78.26% (18/23) were MSI-L. We found a major distribution of MSI-positive cases (50% (11/22)) in Gleason score 9 patients, corresponding to prognostic group 5. In addition, we found most of the instability in the BAT-26 marker in MSI PCa patients (60.87% (14/23)). Conclusions: This study is the first to evaluate the frequency of MSI in PCa within the Mexican population. Among the Mexican patients with MSI-positive PCa, there was a predominant Gleason score 9 and a majority instability of the BAT-26 marker.
