Antiproliferative, pharmacological and antibacterial activities of synthesized silver nanoparticles from the combined extract of Pandanus foetidus and Alangium salvifolium

Abstract

Green synthesis of silver/silver nanoparticles from the combination of Pandanus foetidus and Alangium salvifolium was confirmed by an absorption peak at 455 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the existence of multiple possible functional groups through C-O, N-H and O-H stretching. The presence of several elements along with silver has been found by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, while a high-intensity reflection peak at 38.45° revealed information regarding the crystalline nature of synthesized nanoparticles. Scanning electron and Transmission electron microscopy determined their spherical size to be 23.5 nm. With moderate toxicity (LC50 value of 282.74 μg/ml), AgNPs inhibited 77.7 % and 58.4 % of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell growth in Swiss albino mice at dose levels of 1 mg/kg/day and 2 mg/kg/day, respectively and concurrently brought back the hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, SGOT, SGPT and hemoglobin) to normal levels. The phytochemical potency of synthesized nanoparticles was revealed with an IC50 value of 33 μg/ml, compared to the corresponding combined plant extract, with a total phenol and flavonoid content of 47.03 ± 1.52 mg/g of gallic acid and 404.13 ± 1.22 mg/g of catechin, respectively. The AgNPs demonstrated analgesic activity (85.8 and 77.49 %) with anti-inflammatory action (85.58 and 78.95 %) at doses of 100 and 50 mg/kg body weight, corresponding to their standards. AgNPs possessed a substantial inhibitory effect of 51.01 % on Shigella boydii (ATCC 231903) at a dose of 50 µg/ml while Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579), and Escherichia coli (ATCC 27853) were less susceptible.

Keywords

• Silver/silver chloride nanoparticles
• Pandanus foetidus
• Alangium salvifolium
• Phytochemicals
• Anticancer activity
• Bacteriostatic activity