Biochemical Profile of the Soybean Seed Embryonic Axis and Its Changes during Accelerated Aging
Luciano Antônio Ebone,
Andréia Caverzan,
Diógenes Cecchin Silveira,
Luciano de Oliveira Siqueira,
Nadia Canali Lângaro,
José Luís Trevizan Chiomento,
Geraldo Chavarria
Affiliations
Luciano Antônio Ebone
Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
Andréia Caverzan
Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
Diógenes Cecchin Silveira
Departament of Forage Plant and Agrometeorology, Animal Science Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenue Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
Luciano de Oliveira Siqueira
Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
Nadia Canali Lângaro
Laboratory of Seed Technology, Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
José Luís Trevizan Chiomento
Laboratory of Olericulture, Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
Geraldo Chavarria
Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285 Km 171, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul 99052-900, Brazil
Seed deterioration is an important topic in plant science, as the majority of cultivated species use seeds as their means of propagation; however, due to its complexity, the process of seed deterioration has not yet been completely elucidated. Three soybean cultivars (BMX Raio, BMX Zeus, and DM 53i54) exposed to four distinct periods of accelerated aging (0, 3, 6 and 9 days) in a fully randomized experimental design. Initially, vigor and germination tests were performed. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase enzymes, hydrogen peroxide, malonaldehyde, DNA oxidation, macromolecules and mineral content, and Maillard reactions were quantified in the embryonic axis. Results showed that DNA did not suffer degradation or oxidation. In terms of consumption of reserves, only sugars were consumed, while levels of protein, starch, and triglycerides were maintained. The Maillard reaction did show potential as an indicator of buffer capacity of protein to ROS. Additionally, levels of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase decreased during the aging process. Moreover, nutrient analysis showed that a high magnesium level in the cultivar bestowed greater resilience to deterioration, which can indicate a potential function of magnesium in the cell structure via reflex in seed aging through seed respiration.
