New clinical and immunological aspects of acute urticaria in children

Abstract

Objective: to study the features of the clinical picture and the innate immune response in children with various variants of the course of acute urticaria.Materials and methods: 236 children with acute urticaria were examined. Clinical research methods included an analysis of the medical history of life and disease, an objective examination of the child, immunological research methods consisted in determining the content of lactoferrin, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, IFN-γ, TGF-β, the active form of VEGF-A by enzyme immunoassay of blood serum.Results: clinical and anamnestic data of various variants of the course of acute urticaria in children, depending on the values of UAS7, revealed the features of the course of the disease in childhood; in some patients, severe acute urticaria was an integral part of anaphylaxis of various origins; cytokine spectrum analysis records hyperproduction of IFNy in children with acute urticaria, regardless of the severity of its course, a decrease in IL levels-4 in the blood serum of children with all variants of acute urticaria, increased concentration of lactoferrin, IL-6, IL-17, significant hyperproduction of TGF-β, the active form of VEGF-A in severe acute urticaria.Conclusion: the revealed changes indicate an imbalance in the functioning of the innate link of the immune system, activation of the cytokine cascade of inflammation, which leads to the launch of regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory process, while in childhood there is a clear dependence of the severity of the imbalance of the immune response and the severity of acute urticarial.

Keywords

• acute urticaria
• children
• innate immunity
• cytokines