Clinical Interventions in Aging (Apr 2024)

Correlation Between Anesthesia Methods and Adverse Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes Depending on Frailty: A Prospective Cohort Study

  • Feng Y,
  • Sun JF,
  • Wei HC,
  • Cao Y,
  • Yao L,
  • Du BX

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 19
pp. 613 – 626

Abstract

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Yan Feng,* Jia-Feng Sun,* Hai-Chao Wei,* Ying Cao, Lei Yao, Bo-Xiang Du The Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bo-Xiang Du; Lei Yao, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: This study aims to investigate how the type of anesthesia used during major orthopedic surgery may impact adverse short-term postoperative outcomes depending on frailty.Methods: To conduct this investigation, we recruited individuals aged 65 years and older who underwent major orthopedic surgery between March 2022 and April 2023 at a single institution. We utilized the FRAIL scale to evaluate frailty. The primary focus was on occurrences of death or the inability to walk 60 days after the surgery. Secondary measures included death within 60 days; inability to walk without human assistance at 60 days; death or the inability to walk without human assistance at 30 days after surgery, the first time out of bed after surgery, postoperative blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, hospital costs, and the occurrence of surgical complications such as dislocation, periprosthetic fracture, infection, reoperation, wound complications/hematoma.Results: In a study of 387 old adult patients who had undergone major orthopedic surgery, 41.3% were found to be in a frail state. Among these patients, 262 had general anesthesia and 125 had neuraxial anesthesia. Multifactorial logistic regression analyses showed that anesthesia type was not linked to complications. Instead, frailty (OR 4.04, 95% CI 1.04 to 8.57, P 0.05).Conclusion: In different frail populations, neuraxial anesthesia is likely to be comparable to general anesthesia in terms of the incidence of short-term postoperative adverse outcomes.Keywords: anesthesia, frailty, major orthopedic surgery, death, impaired walking ability

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