The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
Characterization of a Set of Small Planets with TESS and CHEOPS and an Analysis of Photometric Performance
- Dominic Oddo,
- Diana Dragomir,
- Alexis Brandeker,
- Hugh P. Osborn,
- Karen Collins,
- Keivan G. Stassun,
- Nicola Astudillo-Defru,
- Allyson Bieryla,
- Steve B. Howell,
- David R. Ciardi,
- Samuel Quinn,
- Jose M. Almenara,
- César Briceño,
- Kevin I. Collins,
- Knicole D. Colón,
- Dennis M. Conti,
- Nicolas Crouzet,
- Elise Furlan,
- Tianjun Gan,
- Crystal L. Gnilka,
- Robert F. Goeke,
- Erica Gonzales,
- Mallory Harris,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- Eric L. N. Jensen,
- David Latham,
- Nicholas Law,
- Michael B. Lund,
- Andrew W. Mann,
- Bob Massey,
- Felipe Murgas,
- George Ricker,
- Howard M. Relles,
- Pamela Rowden,
- Richard P. Schwarz,
- Joshua Schlieder,
- Avi Shporer,
- Sara Seager,
- Gregor Srdoc,
- Guillermo Torres,
- Joseph D. Twicken,
- Roland Vanderspek,
- Joshua N. Winn,
- Carl Ziegler
Affiliations
- Dominic Oddo
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA ; [email protected]
- Diana Dragomir
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA ; [email protected]
- Alexis Brandeker
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Hugh P. Osborn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; NCCR/Planet-S, Universität Bern , Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Karen Collins
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Keivan G. Stassun
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Nicola Astudillo-Defru
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Matemática y Física Aplicadas, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción , Alonso de Rivera 2850, Concepción, Chile
- Allyson Bieryla
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Steve B. Howell
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- David R. Ciardi
- ORCiD
- NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Samuel Quinn
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Jose M. Almenara
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- César Briceño
- ORCiD
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
- Kevin I. Collins
- ORCiD
- George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Knicole D. Colón
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Dennis M. Conti
- ORCiD
- American Association of Variable Star Observers , 185 Alewife Brook Parkway, Suite 410, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Nicolas Crouzet
- ORCiD
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , Postbus 9513, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Elise Furlan
- ORCiD
- NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Tianjun Gan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Tsinghua Centre for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Crystal L. Gnilka
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Robert F. Goeke
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Erica Gonzales
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Mallory Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA ; [email protected]
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Eric L. N. Jensen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Swarthmore College , Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
- David Latham
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Nicholas Law
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
- Michael B. Lund
- ORCiD
- NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Andrew W. Mann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
- Bob Massey
- ORCiD
- Villa ’39 Observatory, Landers, CA 92285, USA
- Felipe Murgas
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL) , E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- George Ricker
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard M. Relles
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Pamela Rowden
- ORCiD
- Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House , Piccadilly, London W1J 0BQ, UK
- Richard P. Schwarz
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Joshua Schlieder
- ORCiD
- Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Greenbelt, USA
- Avi Shporer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Sara Seager
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Earth and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Gregor Srdoc
- Kotizarovci Observatory , Sarsoni 90, 51216 Viskovo, Croatia
- Guillermo Torres
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Joseph D. Twicken
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; SETI Institute , Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- Roland Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Carl Ziegler
- Department of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University , 1936 North St, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acb4e3
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 165,
no. 3
p. 134
Abstract
The radius valley carries implications for how the atmospheres of small planets form and evolve, but this feature is visible only with highly precise characterizations of many small planets. We present the characterization of nine planets and one planet candidate with both NASA TESS and ESA CHEOPS observations, which adds to the overall population of planets bordering the radius valley. While five of our planets—TOI 118 b, TOI 262 b, TOI 455 b, TOI 560 b, and TOI 562 b—have already been published, we vet and validate transit signals as planetary using follow-up observations for four new TESS planets, including TOI 198 b, TOI 244 b, TOI 444 b, and TOI 470 b. While a three times increase in primary mirror size should mean that one CHEOPS transit yields an equivalent model uncertainty in transit depth as about nine TESS transits in the case that the star is equally as bright in both bands, we find that our CHEOPS transits typically yield uncertainties equivalent to between two and 12 TESS transits, averaging 5.9 equivalent transits. Therefore, we find that while our fits to CHEOPS transits provide overall lower uncertainties on transit depth and better precision relative to fits to TESS transits, our uncertainties for these fits do not always match expected predictions given photon-limited noise. We find no correlations between number of equivalent transits and any physical parameters, indicating that this behavior is not strictly systematic, but rather might be due to other factors such as in-transit gaps during CHEOPS visits or nonhomogeneous detrending of CHEOPS light curves.
Keywords
